SAF PTL (power-to-liquid)

SAF PTL is produced by converting renewable electricity into hydrogen through electrolysis, which is then combined with CO2 to create synthetic fuels. This process uses renewable energy sources, making it a sustainable option. It can be used in aviation and other transportation sectors as a supplemental fuel.

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e-SAF (electrosynthetic aviation fuel)

e-SAF is generated by using renewable energy to produce hydrogen, then synthesizing it with CO2 to create aviation fuel. This method emphasizes the use of excess renewable energy, thus contributing to carbon neutrality. It can be used directly in existing aircraft engines without modification.

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SAF HEFA-SPK (synthetic paraffinic kerosene of hydrotreated esters and fatty acids)

HEFA-SPK SAF is produced by hydrotreating fats and oils to create a synthetic kerosene. This process involves hydrogenation, which removes oxygen and transforms the raw material into a fuel suitable for aviation. It can be blended with conventional kerosene and used in existing aircraft.
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SAF FT-SPK (Fischer-Tropsch synthetic paraffinic kerosene)

SAF FT-SPK is produced using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, which converts biomass or other carbon sources into synthetic hydrocarbons. This method makes it possible to create high-quality kerosene from a variety of raw materials. It can be used to replace conventional kerosene.

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